As part of its "Military History Program," the National Guard Association of Texas provides an annual award of $400 for the best article published in each volume of Military History of the West. Selection of the article is made by the editors and is announced in subsequent issues of the journal.

This award is named for General Jay A. Matthews Jr., founder and long-time editor of Military History of Texas and the Southwest, the predecessor of the present journal. General Matthews, editor emeritus of Military History  of the West, devoted nearly thirty years of his life to publishing the earlier version of the journal and was a leading member of the National Guard Association of Texas from its founding until his retirement.

Matthews Prizes for 1989-Present:

Volume 19 (1989)
Richard P. Walker
"The Swastika and the Lone Star: Nazi Activity in Texas POW Camps"

Volume 20 (1990)
Richard Melzer
"Stage Soldiers of the Southwest: New Mexico's Four Minute Men of World War I"

Volume 21 (1991)
Thomas T. Smith
"Fort Inge and the Texas Frontier Economy, 1849-1869"

Volume 22 (1992)
William Garrett Piston
"Petticoats, Promotions, and Military Assignments: Favoritism and the Antebellum Career of James Longstreet"

Volume 23 (1993)
Stephen S. Michot
"In Relief of Port Hudson: Richard Taylor's 1863 Lafourche Offensive"

Volume 24 (1994)
Gene A. Smith
"Floating a Republican Idea: Jefferson's Gunboats at New Orleans"

Volume 25 (1995)
Roger D. Launius
"A New Way of War: The Development of Military Aviation in the American West, 1908-1945"

Volume 26 (1996)
Jeffrey M. Pilcher
"Pancho Villa Rides into Mexican Legend Or, The Cavalry Myth and Military Tactics in the Mexican Revolution"

Volume 27 (1997)
Alwyn Barr
"The 'Queen City of the Gulf' Held Hostage: The Impact of the War on Confederate Galveston"

Volume 28 (1998)
Durwood Ball
"Filibusters and Regular Troops in San Francisco, 1851-1855"

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